Gender diversity in tech: Simple steps forward

Photo: Littal Shemer Haim ©

This article was migrated to Littalics.com

 

Gender diversity in tech: Simple steps forward

Should I counsel my brilliant teenaged daughter to become a software engineer? Should I encourage her aspirations to work in Silicon Valley someday? Although I certainly want to see her grow professionally in an industry in which she can leverage her talent, the current state of women inclusion in tech – and its consequences on organizational culture, makes me worried that encouraging these career goals might put her future well-being at risk.

 

Gender diversity in tech

It is a well-known fact that women are a minority in tech, especially among programmers. LinkedIn, for instance, studied the professional gender gap and explored the rate at which men and women have been hired across 12 industries worldwide. The research took a detailed look at leadership positions and software engineers. The findings include some depressing statistics for people who care about gender diversity in tech: In 2016, the rate of women new hiring was 18% in software engineering and 30% in leadership roles. And this trend might get even worse: A study from Accenture and “Girls Who Code” warns that, unless action is taken now, the percentage of women in the computing workforce will shrink over the next 10 years to 22%.

This forecast is not surprising since, according to researchers from the University of Wisconsin-Madison, almost 40% of women with engineering degrees either quit or never enter the tech industry. Indeed, women comprise only a small percentage of the biggest tech companies, based on diversity reports released by organizations such as Apple (20% of tech, 35% of non-tech, 28% of leadership jobs), Microsoft (29% of workforce, 17% of tech, 23% of leadership roles), and Twitter (10% of tech, 21% of leadership positions).

 

The consequences of women being a minority

What is it like to be the only woman in a tech company team? How does a woman’s work in a man’s world influence her daily routine, colleague relations, work-life balance, job performance, manager reviews, promotion, and compensation?

Some recently published findings are truly disturbing. According to the “Elephant in the valley” survey, 60% of the women working in Silicon Valley have experienced unwanted sexual advances. About two-thirds of the women surveyed said that these advances were from their superior. Moreover, 90% of women interviewed had witnessed sexist behavior at company off-site events or industry conferences, and about 87% of them had heard demeaning comments from their male colleagues.

Although serious in and of itself, sexual harassment is not the whole story: 40% of the women interviewed felt that they ought to talk less about their families in order to be taken more seriously and about 52% of those that took maternity leave cut it short so that it would not hurt their career. Slightly less than half (47%) of the women had been asked to do lower-level tasks that were not expected of their male colleagues, such as taking notes or ordering food. Additionally, two-thirds of the women felt excluded from networking opportunities because they were women. In short, many women experience distressing workplace situations while most men are simply unaware of the issues facing women in the tech workplace.

This “bro culture”, this immature frat-boy behavior, is only one part of the sad story. At a much more fundamental level, the tech industry offers lower salaries to women in comparison with their male colleagues. According to data released by Joint Venture Silicon Valley, men in Silicon Valley earn up to 61% more than their female peers. Women are also offered fewer opportunities for advancement.

 

Companies actually lose

The women minority status in tech and the disturbing organizational culture for women in some companies are not merely social issues. It can impact negatively on company performance. Studies have shown that gender diverse teams are more successful: A research summary published by the National Center of Women and Information Technology (NCWIT) reveals that gender diversity at top management levels improves financial performance and that gender-diverse work teams demonstrate superior team dynamics and productivity. Likewise, companies that are at the top quartile of gender diversity are 15% more likely to outperform financially than those at the bottom quartile, according to McKinsey and Co. Researchers at Carnegie Mellon University have found that including women increases the collective IQ of teams and makes gender diverse teams smarter.

As Josh Bersin nicely summarized it “…companies that build a truly inclusive culture are those that will outperform their peers.” Thus, there is a clear economic incentive for technology companies to do something about gender diversity. But what concrete steps can they take?

 

Simple steps forward for HR

The first step is to identify where the company’s diversity gaps are. HR leaders can easily use analytics to look at the current employee population and examine headcount by gender. Once the baseline metrics are known, HR leaders can work with business leaders to determine gender diversity goals and allocate budget for these initiatives. Data-driven organizational processes, e.g., data-driven recruiting, enable continuous monitoring of metrics to see whether diversity increases or decreases as people move inbound, outbound or within the organization.

But monitoring diversity metrics is not enough. If improving workforce diversity is a business objective, it is essential to keep track of performance metrics and financial metrics by gender groups. Here too workforce analytics can easily pinpoint gender differences, show rates of success within different groups, indicate bias and keep an eye on promotions. The results may not only move the company forward in terms of gender inclusion, but it may also attract high potential employees – of both genders – in the long run.

 


 

Case study: Women in Taboola

One tech company that followed these steps and seriously studied the status of its women employees is Taboola. Taboola provides a web discovery platform, serving up 360B recommendations to over 1B unique visitors every month on some of the web’s most innovative publisher sites including USA Today, Business Insider, Chicago Tribune, and The Weather Channel.

The research, which aimed to explore the status of women among ‘Taboolers’, was conducted in 2016 by Neomi Farkash, global head of HR, and myself, Littal Shemer Haim, a people analytics consultant. Based on Taboola’s employee reviews and HR financial data, four comparisons were made between women and men:

1. Organizational Distribution:
What is the gender distribution within units, locations, roles, etc.?

2. Compensation and Promotion:
Across different roles, how are women compensated and promoted in comparison to men?

3. Performance Review:
How are women evaluated in comparison to men? Are they perceived differently in general and regarding performance, self-management, relationships, potential leadership, etc.?

4. Evaluations and Promotion:
What is the correlation between yearly reviews and promotions for the two genders? Do men and women who received similar reviews get a similar promotion?

 

Neomi Farkash affirms that ”the research was essential in order to start a discussion, which contributed, among many other activities, to address and reduce any gender gaps in the workplace.”

Creating awareness is an easy first step that every tech company can undertake. The data needed for such research exists and is accessible to HR. No complex analysis is necessary, and any HR analyst can handle it by simply comparing the four factors described in the Taboola case study. I hope that many HR leaders will take this initiative and thus make their small but important contribution to enhance gender diversity in the tech industry. The benefits will be reaped not only by our own daughters and sons when they join the workforce but by society as a whole.

 


 

 

About the author:

Littal Shemer Haim brings Data Science into HR activities, to guide organizations to base decision-making about people on data. Her vast experience in applied research, keen usage of statistical modeling, constant exposure to new technologies, and genuine interest in people’s lives, all led her to focus nowadays on HR Data Strategy, People Analytics, and Organizational Research.


 

12 Replies to "Gender diversity in tech: Simple steps forward"

  • comment-avatar
    Littal Shemer Haim
    March 14, 2017 (7:09 am)

    Here is another interesting result of increased awareness to gender diversity in Taboola:
    http://blog.taboola.com/taboola-breet-stands-up-for-international-womens-day/

    • comment-avatar
      Littal Shemer Haim
      August 2, 2017 (11:28 am)

      Another aspect of gender bias relates to managers’ responses to subordinates’ ideas and suggestions. Researchers found that managers’ responds are influenced by subordinate’s gender, especially in ego-threatening situations, and among managers who tend to be more sensitive to social comparison: http://sloanreview.mit.edu/article/the-upside-of-being-a-woman-among-bros/
      At the organizational level, the researchers suggest to establish committees composed of diverse members to evaluate key suggestions and ideas, instead of relying on the judgment of a single, potentially biased manager. Committees are effective not only to deal with gender diversity and inclusion, as in Taboola case study, but rather a general way to decrease the influence of a single biased manager.

  • comment-avatar
    Orit
    March 14, 2017 (9:13 am)

    Hi Littal, interesting article 😉 I’m wondering what would yield better results in terms of recruiting and promoting women. it is obvious we are all biased and are looking for people who resemble us, therefore as long as we have higher % of men, women will be less likely to be chosen for a role (assuming the have similar skills and experience). I am not sure if it is better to have ‘blind selection process’ – CV / career profile without gender reference, so CV’s are being reviewed as neutrally as possible, or focus the efforts on raising managers awareness to the bias, and intentionally make an effort to raise the # of women candidates… what do you think?

    • comment-avatar
      Littal Shemer Haim
      March 14, 2017 (9:54 am)

      Thanks Orit! I hope the new HR tech solutions, based on machine learning, will somehow help to overcome the bias. I see many start-ups that aimed to do that, and it is a good idea to start review them. The rest is education and cultural change that you, and I and everybody should be committed to. And as I mentioned in the article, analytics can contribute to awareness, metrics and action, along the entire employee lifetime, including recruitment and promotion.

  • comment-avatar
    Littal Shemer Haim
    August 8, 2017 (10:42 am)

    If you’d like to practice analysis of gender pay gap using open data and R, here is an excellent guide by Andrew Chamberlain, Ph.D, Chief Economist & Senior Director at Glassdoor. Chamberlain provides a technical step-by-step guide for how to analyze a company’s gender pay gap, including example data and code, and shows how to apply the rigorous methods used by Glassdoor Economic Research to any payroll data.

  • comment-avatar
    Littal Shemer Haim
    September 25, 2017 (7:15 pm)

    A different approach to diversity gap analysis was presented by Will Gaker in PAFOW. According to Gaker, organizations must analyze the whole talent management system to increase diversity. See a clear visualization of his ideas in section 5 of David Green’s insightful event summary.

  • comment-avatar
    Littal Shemer Haim
    October 26, 2017 (5:53 pm)

    “Performance is often thought of as the ultimate equalizer… the mere availability of performance information is insufficient for eliminating gender bias… only when evaluators have access to more-comprehensive information with which to base their assessments that bias against women is reduced.” Source: Research: Objective Performance Metrics Are Not Enough to Overcome Gender Bias In other words: If you are a woman, present more information about experience and performance, to minimize ambiguity about your quality!

  • comment-avatar
    Littal Shemer Haim
    December 17, 2017 (10:04 pm)

    The text-analysis startup Textio published the results of its analysis of 25,000 job postings made by companies such as Twitter, Facebook, Google, Apple, Amazon, and more. Among the key findings: Companies vary wildly in the language they use in job ads, oftentimes attracting more men or women based solely on their diction.

  • comment-avatar
    Littal Shemer Haim
    February 8, 2018 (10:03 pm)

    A large, cross-country study about the relationship between multiple aspects of managerial diversity, the presence of enabling conditions such as leadership support for diversity, and innovation outcomes: How and Where Diversity Drives Financial Performance.

  • comment-avatar
    Littal Shemer Haim
    February 8, 2018 (10:22 pm)

    Celeste Warren is VP HR and Global D&I Center of Excellence at Merck. She is extremely passionate about D&I and she has received numerous awards for her work. Hear all about her role in Jacon Morgan’s podcast.

  • comment-avatar
    Littal Shemer Haim
    March 31, 2018 (2:51 pm)

    Women in Tech Index: A study focuses on 41 countries in the OECD and EU offers comparable data relating to both the tech industry and the wage gap: gender in overall economy, women in tech, opportunities for women in tech, tech wage gap and female career progression. Findings table can be sorted by each result.

  • comment-avatar
    Littal Shemer Haim
    April 27, 2018 (2:25 pm)

    Text Analysis of employee performance reviews reveals differences between genders in regards of the way employees are described, both by their managers and by themselves. However, I think those differences should not only be used as a way to understand and close the gender gap, but rather to embrace the different gender tendencies, and acknowledge women strength in communication and ownership as a strategic contribution, just as men’s tendency to talk “about the numbers” is perceived.